Topic outline
Grade 11 & 12
TOPIC OUTLINE
- ENGLISH
- MATHEMATICS
- PHYSICS
- CHEMISTRY
- BIOLOGY
ENGLISH TOPIC
| Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â ENGLISH | |||
| Strand | Units | Grade 11 topics | Grade 12 topics |
| 1. Reading |
Reading for All Purposes: Key Ideas and Details
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•   Textual Evidences •   Text Analysis •   Reading for specific information |
•   Identifying explicit and implicit arguments •   Thematic Analysis •   Character Analysis (Characterization) |
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Craft and Structure
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•   Literal and Underlying Meanings •   Text Structure and Cohesion •   Compare and Contrast different        points of views |
•   Interpreting meanings contextually •   Text Analysis •   Identifying different points of views |
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Integration of Knowledge and Ideas
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•   Integrate and evaluate content •   Evaluating textual features (Thesis     statement, arguments and evidence) •   Thematic analysis |
•   Integrate and evaluate content •   Evaluating textual features (Thesis           statement, arguments and evidence) •   Thematic Analysis |
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| Range of Reading and Level of Text Complexity | ·  Critical Reading |
•   Critical reading
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| 2. Writing |
Text Types and Purposes
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•   Developing controlling ideas           (narrative paragraph). •   Narrative text – Paragraph             development •   Narrative structures, rubrics and       style •   Writing narrative texts •   Writing patterns in informative texts •   Informative essay – Appropriate       language features •   Argumentative Essay –                Brainstorming ideas •   Developing supporting arguments •   Writing an argumentative text |
•   Narrative techniques (dialogues) •   Narrative language features – Descriptive,    figurative and sensory language •   Narrative structures – Grammar,             mechanics and clarity •   Narrative – Writing a conclusion •   Informative texts – Techniques of writing •   Informative essay – Appropriate language     features •   Establish and maintain a formal style. •   Informative text/ essay – A conclusion •   Argumentative essays – Developing a         content •   Argumentative Essay – Using appropriate     transitions •   Argumentative Essays – Precise Vocabulary |
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Production and Distribution of Writing
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•   Writing Techniques – Rubrics of       writing •   Writing narratives •   Using literacy features in writing •   Writing Rubrics – Coherence,          cohesion, clarity, interest •   Conventions of writing interest •   Standard English conventions        (sentence structure, usage and          punctuation). •   Research Skills (Data collection) •   Citation of electronic sources •   Practical Writing |
•   Writing techniques – Rubrics of writing •   Writing process •   Informational, literary and persuasive        writing •   Implementing the writing process •   Writing styles •   Paragraph development •   Researching skills – using print media and     internet •   Integrating electronic information |
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Research to Build and Present Knowledge
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•   Researching skills – Conducting a      survey •   Data analysis •   Writing a Research Report •   Research from the internet and        electronic sources •   Integration of multiple information •   Citing evidence-based sources •   Paragraph development |
•   Research skill – Collecting data •   Validating arguments and claims •   Writing a Research paper •   Research Skills – Using internet and          electronic resources •   Paraphrasing skills •   Analyzing arguments and claims •   Summarizing ideas •   Portfolio Writing |
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| Range of Writing |
•   Research •   Validating information •   Writing a research paper |
•   Evaluating view points •   Writing a Research paper |
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| 3. Listening |
Oral Instructions Comprehension
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•   Oral directions-media presentations •   Multi–step directions •   Routine oral direction •   Multi step oral direction |
•   Extended messages I •   Extended messages I •   Expository information |
| Identify Main Ideas and Supporting Details of Spoken English |
•   Main idea-routine message •   Main idea-simple fiction •   Main idea-simple expository           information |
•   Routine messages •   Main idea-simple expository information •   Main idea-simple oral presentation |
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Determine Speaker Attitude and Point of View Comprehend the Meaning of Oral Academic and/or Specialized Vocabulary Making Inferences and Predictions |
•   Non-verbal communication-body      language •   Non-verbal communication-tone       and voice quality •   Academic vocabulary •   Specialized vocabulary •   High-frequency vocabulary words •   Predictions (with support) •   Inferences •   Predictions (without support) |
•   Non-verbal communication-body language •   Non-verbal communication-tone and voice    quality •   Predictions •   Specialized vocabulary- Jargon •   Literal meanings •   Cognates •   Figurative meanings •   Effective listening •   Predictions •   Inferences •   Listening comprehension |
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| 4. Speaking |
Fluency and Pronunciation
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•   Formal oral presentation (media       style). •   Iterating multiple step directions •   Responding to oral directions •   Directions in unfamiliar situations |
•   Identify extended messages in different       contexts •   Identifying details of extended messages in    familiar or unfamiliar contexts •   Identifying main ideas in expository           information •   Identify main ideas in media texts |
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Speaking Using Appropriate Grammar and Vocabulary
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•   Identify arguments in oral messages •   Identify main ideas of simple fiction •   Identifying routine messages in        familiar contexts |
•   Main ideas in longer messages •   Identifying main ideas and details of simple expository information •   Identifying main ideas in simple oral         presentations |
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Speaking for Varied Purposes, Both Informal and Formal
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•   Behaviors in non-verbal               communication •   Interpreting body language •   Identifying and/or Describing         speakers’ tone |
•   Comparing and contrasting non-verbal        communication techniques •   Interpreting and predicting non-verbal       messages |
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| Comprehension and Collaboration |
•   Recognizing frequently used grade     level academic vocabulary •   Jargons as specialize vocabulary •   Comprehension of academic           vocabulary |
•   Using specialized jargon in a variety of        contexts •   Identifying literal meanings of words •   Using cognates to develop comprehension •   Identifying figurative meanings of words      and idiomatic phrases |
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5. Communication
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Interpretive Listening
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•   Listening for specific information •   Main ideas (concrete and abstract      ideas) •   Speaker’s perspective, tone, style       and different views •   Critique using inferences and          predictions |
•   Features of language variations •   Main ideas from extended discourse •   Inferences and prediction •   Attentive listening |
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Interpretive Reading
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•   Making inferences of literary          elements: Plot •   Vocabulary strategy; denotative and    connotative meanings, and author’s    purposes •   Topic sentence – main idea and         supporting details •   Defining meaning from contextual     clues |
•   Draw conclusions from reading texts •   Connotation, hidden meanings and tones •   Abstract and colloquial non-literary writing •   Discourse, register, style and regional         variation (Written language) |
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Interpersonal Communication
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•   Interview •   Formal and informal register •   Personal perspective and               supporting details •   Evidence-based oral articulation •   Research skills – evaluate             information •   Presenting arguments •   Detailed oral and written texts •   Negotiation skills |
•   Communication -Group discussions •   Communication -Oral presentations (Oral     response to literature) •   Express or defend viewpoints or              recommendations •   Communication – Group discussions (Big     groups) •   Language for lifelong learning •   Oral presentation •   Oral presentation – persuasive speech •   Oral presentation –problem-solving          presentation |
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Presentational Speaking
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•   Oral presentation – speech •   Oral presentation – informative        speech •   Defend a viewpoint •   Impromptu presentation •   Narrative and informative             presentations, and oral response to     literature •   Use context clue to understand        meanings of idioms |
•   Oral presentation – informative speech •   Oral presentation – descriptive speech •   Oral presentation – narrative speech •   Oral presentation – oral summary (Book-     talk). •   Oral presentation – of original work          (poems, plays, reports, etc.) |
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| Presentational Writing |
•   Unity, coherence and transition in      writing •   Revising, editing and proofreading     skills •   Synthesizing and summarizing         information •   Incorporating figurative language      (metaphors, simile and                personification) in writing •   Narrative writing and editing skills •   Evaluate and refine draft •   Poetry writing |
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6. English Grammar |
English Grammar
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•   Conventions of usage – writing •   Conventions of usage – speaking       (pragmatics) •   Descriptive texts •   Hyphenation conventions •   Editing |
•   Conventions of usage – writing •   Conventions of usage – speaking •   Punctuation •   Grammar – parallel structure (parallelism) •   Editing |
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Knowledge of Language
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•   The use of syntax •   Syntax – its application to complex     texts |
•   Syntax •   Meaning creation in reading and listening |
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| Vocabulary Acquisition and Use |
•   Vocabulary – determining             meanings of unknown and multiple     words/phrases (lexicology) •   Meaning and context (pragmatics) •   Figurative speech •   Nuances •   Using vocabulary appropriately (in     reading and writing) •   Using vocabulary appropriately (in      speaking and listening) |
•   Parts of speech •   Vocabulary – defining meanings and         articulation of words •   Inference – contextual determination of      meanings of words and phrases •   Irony/metaphor •   Similes/onomatopoeia •   Using appropriate vocabulary in context •   Content use and application of specialized     vocabularies or jargons. |
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MATH TOPIC
| STRAND | CHAPTER & TOPIC |
| 1. Number, Operation and computation |
Chapter 1.1 Basic Numeracy ·       The real number system ·       Recurring and Non-Recurring Decimals  Chapter 1.2 Algebraic techniques ·      Index laws and surds ·      Basic properties of surds ·      solving quadratic equations using the quadratic formula and by        completing the square and factorization. ·      Simplifying algebraic expressions involving fractions
Chapter 1.3 Logarithms and exponentials ·    Introduction to logarithmic functions ·    Introduction to exponential functions ·    Logarithmic laws and applications ·    Solving problems involving logarithms ·    Graphs and applications of exponential and logarithmic functions ·    The exponential function and natural logarithms
Chapter 1.4 Number and operations ·       Introduction to complex numbers ·       Operations with Complex Numbers ·       The Argand Diagram ·       Conversion of complex numbers in different forms ·       Operations with complex numbers and De Moivre’s Theorem ·       Quadratic Equations and Complex Numbers |
| 2. Geometry, Measurement and Transformation |
Chapter 2.1 Measurement ·       Conversion, Scales and dials ·       Length, Mass and Capacity  Chapter 2.2 Trigonometry and measure of angles ·       Trigonometric ratios ·       Sine rule ·       Cosine rule ·       Area of a triangle ·       Angles of elevation and depression ·       Bearings ·       Problems in two and three dimensions ·       Application of Trigonometry ·       Radians and degrees ·       Arc length and area of a sector  Chapter 2.3 Trigonometric functions and identities ·       Defining the reciprocal trigonometric functions ·       Sketching the reciprocal trigonometric functions ·       Exploring trigonometric identities ·       Given a trigonometric ratio and a domain, find another                trigonometric ratio ·       Solving trigonometric equations ·       Relationships and sketching of trigonometric functions ·       Sum and Differences of Identities in solving trigonometric             problems ·       Graphs of Sine and Cosine Functions ·       Authentic Problems with sine functions
Chapter 2.4 Vectors ·       Definitions and Representation of vectors ·       Arithmetic operations on vectors ·       Velocity vectors  Chapter 2.5 Geometry ·       Angles and Polygons ·       Geometric Proofs ·       Circle geometry  |
| 3. Patterns and Algebra |
Chapter 3.1 Introduction to functions ·    Introduction to functions and relations ·    Exploring the domain and range ·    Investigating odd and even functions ·    Working with composite functions ·    Exploring intercepts
Chapter 3.2 Linear, quadratic and cubic functions ·       Features of linear functions ·       Gradient of straight line ·       Direct variation ·       Applications of linear functions formulae ·       Parallel and perpendicular lines ·       Distance of a point from a line ·       Further applications of linear functions ·       Features of the parabola ·       Graphing the parabola ·       The discriminant ·       Finding equation of a parabola ·       Introduction to simultaneous equations ·       Solving simultaneous equations graphically and algebraically ·       Features of cubic functions
Chapter 3.3 Further functions and relations ·       Introduction to and features of polynomials ·       Investigating hyperbolic functions ·       Investigating absolute value functions ·       Solving absolute value equations ·       Graphical transformations  ·       Establish the circle as a relationship, not a function ·       Derive the equation of a circle ·       Sketching Circle Relationships from an Equation ·       Completing the square review ·       Using the complete the square technique to determine the             standard equation for the circle  Chapter 3.4 Graphing techniques ·       Exploring transformation ·       Sketching graphical transformations (polynomial, hyperbolic,          absolute value, exponential or logarithmic functions) ·       Using graphical methods to solve practical problems ·       Solving inequalities by graphical methods  Chapter 3.5 Introduction to differentiation ·       Continuity and finding limits numerically, graphically and             algebraically ·       Gradients of tangents ·       Difference quotients ·       Formalising differentiation from first principles ·       Applying rules for differentiating power ·       Sketching derivative functions ·       Applying the product rule ·       Applying the quotient rule ·       Applying the chain rule ·       Determining the equations of tangents and normal ·       Finding the velocity and acceleration  Chapter 3.6 Differentiation of trigonometric, exponential and logarithmic functions ·       Investigating the limits of  ·     Informal construction of the gradient of ·     Finding derivatives of expressions involving  and ·       Derivatives of exponential functions ·       Derivatives of logarithmic functions ·       Derivatives of the trigonometric function  Chapter 3.7 Differential calculus ·       The first and second derivatives ·       The first derivative and stationary points ·       The second derivative and concavity  Chapter 3.8 Applications of the derivative ·       Solving derivative problems ·       Solving optimisation problems (Maxima & minima)  Chapter 3.9 Integration ·       Definition of Area under the curve ·       Rules of Integration ·       Anti-derivatives and indefinite integrals ·       Integrals of Trigonometric and exponential functions ·       Integrating to determine a function ·       Application – Area of Curves  Chapter 3.10 Modelling investments and loans ·       Modelling compound interest and annuities  Chapter 3.11 Arithmetic sequences and series ·       Introduction to sequences and series and the nth term of an            arithmetic sequence ·       The sum of n terms in an arithmetic sequence or series ·       Solving problems involving arithmetic sequences and series
Chapter 3.12 Geometric sequences and series ·     Introduction to geometric sequences and the th term of a              geometric sequence ·       The sum of n terms in a geometric series ·       Limiting sum of a geometric series
Chapter 3.13 Financial applications of sequences and series ·       Solving problems involving compound interest ·       Solving problems involving time repayments ·       Solving problems involving savings and superannuation  Chapter 3.14 Binomial Theorem ·       Pascal’s Triangle ·       Factorial, Permutation and Combination ·       Introduction to Binomial Theorem and its properties ·       The coefficient of the nth term in the binomial expression ·       The nth term of the binomial expression  Chapter 3.15 Determinants ·       Introduction to Determinants ·       Determinants of a two by two system ·       Determinants by three by three system ·       Solution to systems of linear equation using determinants |
| 4. Statistics and Probability |
Chapter 4.1 Data (grouped and ungrouped) and summary statistics ·       Classifying data ·       Organising, interpreting and displaying data ·       Measures of central tendency and spread ·       Statistics in the media ·       Boxplots ·       Pareto charts ·       Cumulative frequency distribution tables and graphs ·       Identifying outliers ·       Describing, comparing and interpreting distributions  Chapter 4.2 Bivariate data analysis ·       Constructing scatterplots ·       Pearson’s correlation coefficient, r ·       Modelling linear relationships ·       Using a line of best fit to interpolate and extrapolate  Chapter 4.3 Probability and Venn diagrams ·       Calculating probability experiments and simulations ·       Representing multi-stage events in probability ·       Venn diagrams and set notation ·       Theoretical and Experimental Probabilities ·       Mutually and non-mutually exclusive events ·       Independent and dependent Events and Conditional Probability ·       Solving problems involving conditional probability
Chapter 4.4 Discrete probability distributions ·       Introduction to discrete probability distributions ·       Generating probability distributions ·       Expected value and the mean ·       Expectation theorems ·       Introducing and calculating variance ·       Calculating the standard deviation  Chapter 4.5 Continuous random variables |
PHYSICS
| STRAND |
UNIT & TOPIC Â |
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| Grade 11 | Grade 12 | |
| 1: Science as Inquiry |
11.1.1  Quantities and Measurement –  Quantities and Units –   Dimensions, Significant Numbers and Scientific Notations –   Error Analysis –   Measuring Instruments –   Graphical Representations of Data and Information –   Scalars and Vectors |
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| 2: Physical Science |
11.2.1  Kinematics (Motion)          – Objects in Motion          – Characteristics of Motion          – Describing Motion          – Free Fall           – Projectile Motion
11.2.2  Dynamics (Force and Motion)             – Force             – Vector calculations of force             – Applications of Newton’s Laws             – Circular Motion             – Simple Harmonic Motion             – Linear Momentum
11.2.3  Energy and Motion             – Work             – Energy and Work             – Simple Machines             – Mechanical Power
11.2.4   Electricity              – Electrostatics              – Electricity              – Ohm’s Law              – Resistors |
12.2.1     Fluid Mechanics               –  Pressure and Density               –  Static Fluid               –  Fluid Dynamics               –  Heat and TemperatureÂ
12.2.2     Thermal Physics               –  Heat transfer and capacity               –  Temperature in quantity of gas               –  Laws of Thermodynamics
12.2.3     Waves               –  Wave Motion               –  Water Waves               –  Light and Electromagnetic Spectrum               –  Sound Waves
12.2.4    Electromagnetism               –  Magnetic Fields and Forces               –  Electromagnetic induction and Power Transmission               –  Laws of Electromagnetism               –  Electric Motors and Generators |
CHEMISTRY
| UNIT & CONTENT | |
| Grade 11 | Grade 12 |
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Strand: Matter and Energy  Unit 11.1-Application of Physical Processes -Diffusion -Behaviour of gases -Pure and impure substances -Separation of mixtures -Solubility of solids and gases in water  Unit 11.2-Chemical & Metallic Bonding -Electron shell diagrams of atoms and ions -Trends in periodic table -chemical bonding -Metallic bonding  Unit 11.3-Types of Chemical Reactions -Indicators of chemical changes -Types of Reactions -Exothermic and Endothermic Reactions |
Strand: The Nature of Science  Unit 12.1 – Masses, Moles and Concentration (Stoichiometry) –       Isotopes –       Relative formula mass and percentage                 composition –       Moles –       Empirical and Molecular formula –       Stoichiometry –       Solutions  Unit 12.2 – Acids, Bases and Salts    –     Common acids and bases –     Properties of acids and bases –     Strong and weak acids –     Dissociation constants and pH calculations –      Acid-base titration to detect the end point  |
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Strand: Earth and Space  Unit 11.4-Energy and Reaction Rates -Factors affecting rates of reaction -Energy diagrams |
Strand: Earth and Space
Unit 12.3 – Electrochemistry –     Electrolysis –     Galvanic cells |
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  No available content |
Strand: Life and Living  Unit 12.4 – Carbon Compounds –     Homologous series –     Hydrocarbons –     Alcohol –     Aldehydes –     Ketones –     Carboxylic acids and esters  Unit 12.5 -Natural resources and chemical industries             in PNG –     Crude oil –     Metallic ores –     Production of ethanol –     Production and uses of vegetable oils –     Traditional chemical practices –     Industrial chemical pollution |
BIOLOGY
| STRAND |
UNIT & TOPIC Â |
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| Grade 11 | Grade 12 | |
| 1: Science as Inquiry |
11.1.1Â Â Scientific Inquiry –Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Introduction to Biology –Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Scientific Method |
No available content |
| 2: Life |
11.2.1 Â Â Living Things –Â Â Â Â Cells –Â Â Â Â Classification Principles –Â Â Â Â Origin and Diversity
11.2.2 Microbiology –       Microbes –       Occurrence and Behaviours –       Impacts on Host Species –       Prions and Viroids –       Treatment & Preventions of Diseases      caused by Microbes
11.2.3 Nutrition –Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Autotrophic Nutrition –Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Heterotrophic Nutrition
11.2.4 Respiration and Circulation –Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Gas Exchange in Plants –Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Circulation and Gas Exchange in Animals
11.2.5Â Â Â Â Â Support Systems –Â Â Â Â Tropism in Plants –Â Â Â Â Defence System –Â Â Â Â Reproduction System –Â Â Â Â Nervous System –Â Â Â Â Endocrine System
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12. 2. 1  Population        & Ecology – Biomes & Habitats – Interactions Â- Population – Humans and the Environment
12. 2.2Â Â Â Genetics –Â Genes & Chromosomes –Â Inheritance Â-Â Mutations –Â Biotechnology Techniques
12.2.3Â Â Evolution –Â Theories Mechanisms of Evolution –Â Evidence of Evolution Â-Â Mutations –Â Biotechnology Techniques
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